The Emancipation Proclamation went into effect on January 1, 1863 and declared that all enslaved people in Confederate states that were in rebellion against the Union “shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.” In Texas, slavery persisted for years after the Emancipation Proclamation due to the limited presence of Union troops. On June 19, 1865, following the end of the Civil War that spring, federal troops arrived in Galveston, Texas to announce that the more than 250,000 enslaved people in the state were free. The 13th Amendment was then ratified on December 1, 1865 which abolished slavery across the United States, except as a punishment for being convicted of a crime.
Today, Juneteenth is a day of celebration for Black Americans and is marked by community events, family gatherings, and more. In 2021, Juneteenth was declared a federal holiday. This year, students at the University of Minnesota will not have classes on June 20, in recognition of Juneteenth. The University of Minnesota will also have their inaugural Juneteenth Celebration on June 18.
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